Роль заимствований в пополнении словарного состава английского языка

Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 03 Мая 2012 в 16:50, курсовая работа

Описание

Заимствованная лексика есть во всех языках. В некоторых языках процент заимствования невелик, в других языках, как, например, в английском, заимствованные слова составляют большую часть словарного состава языка. Процесс заимствования лексики непрерывный и постоянный. В язык постоянно приходит что-то новое, исчезает ненужное, лишнее. Проблему заимствований изучали многие ученые. Раньше подход к теме был односторонним и формальным. Исследователей интересовали в основном источники и даты заимствования. При всей необходимости этих данных, ограничиваться ими было нельзя.

Содержание

Введение…………………………………………………………………………3
Глава 1. Заимствования в английском языке
1.1 Причины и источники заимствования слов в английском языке………..5
1.2 Влияние латинского и французского языков на словарный состав английского языка…………………………………………..…………...11
Глава 2. Этимологический анализ произведения У.Теккерея «Ярмарка Тщеславия»……………………………………………………………………21
Заключение……………………………………………………………….…..24
Список литературы……………………………………………………….…25
Приложение……………………………………………………………….…26

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So that when the day of departure came, between her two customs of laughing and crying, Miss Sedley was greatly puzzled how to act.  She was glad to go home, and yet most woefully sad at leaving school.  For three days before, little Laura Martin, the orphan, followed her about like a little dog.  She had to make and receive at least fourteen presents--to make fourteen solemn promises of writing every week:  "Send my letters under cover to my grandpapa, the Earl of Dexter," said Miss Saltire (who, by the way, was rather shabby).  "Never mind the postage, but write every day, you dear darling," said the impetuous and woolly-headed, but generous and affectionate Miss Swartz; and the orphan little Laura Martin (who was just in round-hand), took her friend's hand and said, looking up in her face wistfully, "Amelia, when I write to you I shall call you Mamma." All which details, I have no doubt, JONES, who reads this book at his Club, will pronounce to be excessively foolish, trivial, twaddling, and ultra-sentimental.  Yes; I can see Jones at this minute (rather flushed with his joint of mutton and half pint of wine), taking out his pencil and scoring under the words "foolish, twaddling," &c., and adding to them his own remark of "QUITE TRUE." Well, he is a lofty man of genius, and admires the great and heroic in life and novels; and so had better take warning and go elsewhere. Well, then.  The flowers, and the presents, and the trunks, and bonnet-boxes of Miss Sedley having been arranged by Mr. Sambo in the carriage, together with a very small and weather-beaten old cow's-skin trunk with Miss Sharp's card neatly nailed upon it, which was delivered by Sambo with a grin, and packed by the coachman with a corresponding sneer--the hour for parting came; and the grief of that moment was considerably lessened by the admirable discourse which Miss Pinkerton addressed to her pupil.  Not that the parting speech caused Amelia to philosophise, or that it armed her in any way with a calmness, the result of argument; but it was intolerably dull, pompous, and tedious; and having the fear of her schoolmistress greatly before her eyes, Miss Sedley did not venture, in her presence, to give way to any ebullitions of private grief.  A seed-cake and a bottle of wine were produced in the drawing-room, as on the solemn occasions of the visits of parents, and these refreshments being partaken of, Miss Sedley was at liberty to depart.

"You'll go in and say good-by to Miss Pinkerton, Becky!" said Miss Jemima to a young lady of whom nobody took any notice, and who was coming downstairs with her own bandbox.

"I suppose I must," said Miss Sharp calmly, and much to the wonder of Miss Jemima; and the latter having knocked at the door, and receiving permission to come in, Miss Sharp advanced in a very unconcerned manner, and said in French, and with a perfect accent, "Mademoiselle, je viens vous faire mes adieux."

Miss Pinkerton did not understand French; she only directed those who did: but biting her lips and throwing up her venerable and Roman-nosed head (on the top of which figured a large and solemn turban), she said, "Miss Sharp, I wish you a good morning." As the Hammersmith Semiramis spoke, she waved one hand, both by way of adieu, and to give Miss Sharp an opportunity of shaking  one of the fingers of the hand which was left out for that purpose.

Miss Sharp only folded her own hands with a very frigid smile and bow, and quite declined to accept the proffered honour; on which Semiramis tossed up her turban more indignantly than ever.  In fact, it was a little battle between the young lady and the old one, and the latter was worsted.  "Heaven bless you, my child," said she, embracing Amelia, and scowling the while over the girl's shoulder at Miss Sharp.  "Come away, Becky," said Miss Jemima, pulling the young woman away in great alarm, and the drawing-room door closed upon them forever.

Then came the struggle and parting below.  Words  refuse to tell it.  All the servants were there in the hall all the dear friend--all the young ladies--the dancing- master who had just arrived; and there was such a scuffling, and hugging, and kissing, and crying, with the hysterical YOOPS of Miss Swartz, the parlour-boarder, from her room, as no pen can depict, and as the tender heart would fain pass over.  The embracing was over; they parted--that is, Miss Sedley parted from her friends.  Miss

Sharp had demurely entered the carriage some minutes before.  Nobody cried for leaving HER.

Sambo of the bandy legs slammed the carriage door on his young weeping mistress.  He sprang up behind the carriage.  "Stop!" cried Miss Jemima, rushing to the gate with a parcel.

"It's some sandwiches, my dear," said she to Amelia.

"You may be hungry, you know; and Becky, Becky Sharp, here's a book for you that my sister--that is, I Johnson's Dixonary, you know; you mustn't leave us without that.  Good-by.  Drive on, coachman.  God bless you!"

And the kind creature retreated into the garden, overcome with emotion. But, lo! and just as the coach drove off, Miss Sharp put her pale face out of the window and actually flung the book back into the garden.

This almost caused Jemima to faint with terror.  "Well, I never"--said she--"what an audacious"—Emotion prevented her from completing either sentence.  The carriage rolled away; the great gates were closed; the bell rang for the dancing lesson.  The world is before the two young ladies; and so, farewell to Chiswick Mall.

 

 

 

 

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